Pakistan 24th and 25 amendments issues

 In 2017, the 24th Amendment was proposed; On December 22, 2017, it was approved by Mamnoon Hussain, who was president at the time. Nawaz Sharif, the leader of the third PML-N government, had resigned for the third time in this year, making it the final year of its existence. This was carried out at the request of non-political forces, who have been opposing nearly all elected prime ministers of the country for over 70 years, rather than through a no-confidence motion, which is the constitutional method of removing a prime minister.

In August 2017, Shahid Khaqan Abbasi took over as prime minister after Nawaz Sharif was removed by a court order. He was the PML-N's first prime minister to not be a member of the Sharif family. Getting everyone to agree on the 2017 census results was one of his challenges. Since the English Raj in the Subcontinent, it has been a training to hold a general registration like clockwork. In 1951, 1961, 1972, and 1981, governments in Pakistan were able to conduct a census.

The following census was scheduled for 1991, but it was repeatedly postponed due to political uncertainty. At the point when the second Nawaz Sharif government came to control in 1997 with an exceptional 66% larger part, it figured out how to hold a statistics in 1998 following a hole of 17 years. In 2011, the PPP was in power, but it was constantly challenged. The exercise, which proved to be quite contentious, was finally organized by the subsequent Nawaz Sharif government once more.

From 1981 to 2017, Pakistan only had two censuses, both of which were conducted by the PML-N, and the final one was far from satisfactory. With this background, it is easier to comprehend why the 24th Amendment was necessary. In 2017, there were two evaluation figures: the figures of the 1998 enumeration and the temporary consequences of the 2017 statistics.

According to Article 51 of the Constitution, the government must distribute seats in the National Assembly to each territory according to the official results of the previous census. After nearly all provinces and even some cities raised concerns about the data's reliability, the 2017 census results became contentious.

The results of the census were the subject of heated debate in Pakistan. The segment distribution of seats turned into a bone of conflict and the public council was in a fix about how to deal with the circumstance. The government had to make a decision before the preparations for the next elections started because the complaints kept getting worse. The challenge was accepted by the current government as well as the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP).

Other ideological groups additionally consented to the 24th Amendment in December 2017, permitting new seat allotments as follows: Balochistan's number of seats increased from 17 to 20; 43-48 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP); Punjab's total dropped from 183 to 174; With 75 seats, Sindh maintained its current strength; furthermore, seats in Islamabad expanded from a few. The amendment specified that "provisional results" from the 2017 census would be used to allocate seats in the National Assembly specifically for the 2018 elections. That correction worked with the ECP to proceed the new delimitations.

In May 2018, the PML-N government's term came to an end. In addition, in its final days of power, the 25th Amendment suddenly came into existence and went through all of the legal formalities fairly quickly. The Federally Administered Tribal Areas (Fata) and KP merged as a result of this amendment. Since the British Raj, each tribal agency in each tribal area in Fata had political agents who had almost complete control over their people, who were treated as subjects rather than citizens.

Since independence, it has been demanded that the tribal agencies be merged into the province that is adjacent or that a new tribal area province be established with its own chief minister and legislative assembly to make laws. A resolution supporting the merger of Fata and KP was approved by the KP Assembly in December 2016. The federal cabinet also approved the establishment of a national Fata reforms implementation committee in March and December of 2017. At the time, the security establishment had a significant say in the implementation committee.

Pressure on the PML-N government to merge Fata with KP increased as the PML-N administration neared its final weeks or, more accurately, days. In April 2018, another regulation came into force through 'the High Court and High Court (Expansion of Purview to Governmentally Controlled Ancestral Regions) Act, 2018'. It extended Fata's jurisdiction over the Pakistani Supreme Court and the Peshawar High Court. At long last, in May 2018 the 25th Amendment changed Article 1 of the constitution in which the country's domain had Fata as an area separate from the other four regions.

The amendment also made changes to Articles 51 and 59, which deal with how each federating unit gets seats in the national and provincial assemblies. It abrogated the much-loathed outskirts violations guideline (FCR). From 104 to 96, the Senate now has fewer seats, and the National Assembly has lost six seats: from 342 to 336. Fata would hold 21 of the 145 seats in the KP Assembly, and after 2024, it will no longer have a separate representative in either the Senate or the National Assembly. It is interesting to note that the NA gave the amendment 229 votes and the PTI cast one vote against it. Before the vote, the JUI-F and PkMAP left the NA. Five PkMAP senators opposed the amendment in the Senate.

According to Pakistan's constitution, a two-thirds vote in the provincial assembly is required for any change to the boundaries of the country. Inside the last seven day stretch of May 2018, the KP Get together supported the bill with the expected greater part. Mamnoon Hussain also quickly signed the Fata Interim Governance Regulations, 2018, which set out how the administration would run Fata after the FCR was abolished within two years.

The fact that the government included the repeal of Article 247 of the constitution in the amendment prior to its submission is also intriguing. One more highlight feature here is that the public authority of Afghanistan was not content with the new turn of events and scrutinized the consolidation of Fata with KP. According to Afghanistan, the 1919 treaty of Rawalpindi, also known as the Anglo-Afghan Treaty, stipulated that the former North-West Frontier Province (KP) would not extend beyond the Khyber Pass. The MQM, which not only endorsed the 25th Amendment but also called for the establishment of additional provinces throughout Pakistan, was one of Fata's most ardent supporters as a distinct province.

Instead of imposing the "decision from the above," some political leaders demanded a referendum to decide Fata's fate. The JUI-F and PkMAP were against the consolidation calling it a constrained and unmerited revision. Ultimately, the goal of the 25th Amendment was to establish a uniform regulatory foundation for Fata. However, concerns about the influence of non-political forces in such matters were raised by the process and the rapid pace with which it passed all barriers in seven days, as was the case with some of the earlier amendments.